¾°µã½éÉÜ
µÆÂ¥½ÇÊǹâÐ÷Ê®ÁùÄ꣨1890Ä꣩½¨ÔìµÄµÆËþ£¬Î»ÓÚÕ¿½ÊÐÐìÎÅÏØ£¬Ó뺣ÄϵºÒ£Ò£ÏàÍû£¬ÊÇÇíÖݺ£Ï¿¡¢ÄϺ£ÖºÍ±±²¿ÍåΨһµÄº½±êµÆ£¬Ò²ÊÇÖйú´ó½×îÄϵãµÄ±êÖ¾Îï¡£×÷ΪÖйú´ó½×îÄ϶˵ĵƽÇÂ¥£¬·¨¡¢Ó¢¡¢¶íµÈµÛ¹úÁÐÇ¿Ôڴ˽¨Õ¬£¬Èç½ñµÆ½ÇÂ¥ÖÜΧÈÔÁôÓÐÎ÷ʽÑó·¿Õ¬Ç½£¬ÎüÒýºÜ¶àÓÎÈËǰÀ´¹Û¹â¡£µÆÂ¥½Ç²»Ö¹×÷ΪÒż£³öÃû£¬µÇËþÔ¶Ì÷µÄ·ç¾°¸üÊdzäÂú·çÇé¡£Ñ̲¨ºÆÃ죬º£À«Ìì¿Õ£¬·ÅÑÛÍûÈ¥£¬È«ÊÇïʢÉú»ú²ª²ªµÄÈÈ´øÖ²ÎҬ×ÓÊ÷¡¢Ä¾Â黯Ê÷¡¢Ïà˼Ê÷¡¢ÏÉÈËÕÆ¡¢¹àľ´Ô¡¢º£²Ý»¨¡¢ºìÊ÷ÁÖµÈËæ·çÕÐÒ¡£¬ÕâÊÇÖ»ÓÐÔÚµÆÂ¥½Ç²Å¿ÉÒÔÏíÊܵĶÀÌØ·ç¹â¡£ÈÕ³öÈÕÂ䣬վÔÚµÆËþÉÏÒ»Ìì¾ÍÇÄÇĵعýÁË¡£ÔËÆøºÃʱ»¹¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ÆæÌصġ°ÅÅÀË¡±£¬Ò»µÀ½ÓÒ»µÀ£¬´Óº£ÄÏÔ¶´¦¹ö¹ö¶øÀ´£¬É·ÊÇ׳¹Û¡£Í¬Ê±£¬µÆÂ¥½Çº£ÃæÒ»´ø±£´æ×Å´ó¶øÍêÕûµÄɺº÷½¸Èº£¬ÖÖÀà·á¸»£¬Îå¹âʮɫ£¬Òòɺº÷½¸¾ßÓо»»¯º£Ë®µÄЧ¹û£¬¸üʹ½à¾»µÄ´óº£É¢·¢×ÅÎÞÇîµÄ÷ÈÁ¦¡£µ±µØ»¹ÓÐһλ±»³ÆÎª¡°Éºº÷±£»¤Éñ¡±µÄÀÏÈË¡ª¡ªÕ²Í¥»úÀÏÈË£¬ÒåÎñµØ¿´»¤×Ÿ½½üº£ÓòµÄɺº÷½¸ÒÑÓÐÊ®¶àÄê¡£ÀÏÈË˵ÁË£¬¡°ÕâÀï¿ÕÆø¡¢Ñô¹â£¬¶àÃÀÀö¡±¡£
¾°µãÓ¡Ïó
ÐзÄÐ
ÕâÀïµÄË®ÕæµÄºÜÇåºÜ¸É¾»£¬¿ÉÄÜÊÇÕâÀïÉÙÈËÀ´µÄÔÒò¡£»¹ÓÐÉñÆæµÄºÏË®Ïߣ¬¿ÉÒÔÌå»á¡°Õ¾ÔÚº£Öм䡱µÄ¸Ð¾õ¡£ÅԱ߻¹Óиöɺº÷µº£¬ºÜС£¬µ«¼¸Ê®Ã׵ľàÀë»¹Òª×ø´¬¹ýÈ¥£¬Ìý˵Èç¹ûµÈµ½ÏÂÎçÍ˳±ÁË»¹¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó×ß»ØÀ´¡£ÌýÁËÎÒÐÄÖÐÄǸöÐ˷ܰ¡£¬Òź¶µÄÊÇΪÁ˸Ï·ÎÒÃÇÊDz»ÄÜÏíÊÜÁË¡£
Èç¹û˵°¶±ßµÄº£Ë®¸É¾»µÄ»°£¬µ½Á˵ºÉÏ£¬ÕâÀïµÄº£Ë®¾ÍÒªÓá°Ç峺¼ûµ×¡±À´ÐÎÈÝÁË¡£Ç³Ç³µÄº£Ë®£¬µ×ÏÂÊǸ÷ÖÖÐÎ̬µÄʯͷºÍɺº÷£¬Ñô¹âÈ÷ÔÚÉÏÃæ£¬²úÉúÁË´«ËµÖеġ°²¨¹âôÔôÔ¡±µÄ¾°Ïó£¬Ì«ÃÀÁË¡£
¶ÀÐÐÏÀèÀû°Â
µÆÂ¥½Ç²»ÊÇʲô·ç¾°¶ÀÌØµÄµØ·½£¬ÄÇÒ²¾ÍÖ»ÓÐÒ»×ùµÆËþ¡¢Ò»¸öʯͷ¿ÌÁ˼¸¸ö×Ö£¬È»ºóÍêȫûÓÐÆäËû¿ÉÒÔ°´³£Àí³ÆÖ®Îª¾°µãµÄµØ·½¡£
ÈË×Üϲ»¶¸ø±ðÈËÌù±êÇ©£¬¸øµÆÂ¥½ÇÌùÉÏ¡°Öйú´ó½×îÄ϶ˡ±µÄ±êÇ©ºó£¬Õâ¸öÓÖÆ«Æ§ÓÖÄÑÕÒ·ç¾°ÓÖ̫һ°ãµÄµØ·½£¬Á¢¿ÌÓëÖÚ²»Í¬ÁËÆðÀ´¡£µ±ÎÒÒ»²½²½×ßÏòºÏË®ÏßµÄɳ̲Ó뺣ˮ½»»ãµÄÄǸö¼âµãʱ£¬ÐÄÀíͻȻÔâÊÜÁ˺ܴóµÄ³å»÷£¬Ò»ÖÖǰËùδÓеÄʧÂä¸ÐÏ®±éÈ«Éí¡£ÎÒÒѾ×ßµ½ÁË·µÄ¾¡Í·£¬ÉíºóÄÇЩƣ±¹ÓëÐÄËáÈ´ÏñÇî;ĩ·°ãµÄÓ¿À´£¬ÎÒÇ¿ÒÖ֯סÏë¿ÞµÄ³å¶¯£¬Íûן£Æ½Ãæ¼ÌÐøÏòÄÏÑÓÉ죬ÕâÊÇÀëÏçºóµÄµÚÒ»´ÎÈç´ËÇ¿Áҵģ¬ÎÒÏë»Ø¼Ò¡£